BIOACTIVE GLASSES ARE SYNTHETIC MATERIALS APPLIED IN THE REGENERATION OF HARD AND SOFT TISSUE. REGARDING BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING, BIOGLASSES ACT IN THE FORMATION, PRECIPITATION AND DEPOSITION OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATES ENHANCING OSSEOINTEGRATION AND OSTEOINDUCTION. IN THIS STUDY, A NEW BIOACTIVE GLASS OF THE SYSTEM SIO2–NA2O–K2O–CAO–MGO–P2O5, CALLED F18, WAS TESTED REGARDING ITS INFLUENCE ON STEM CELL VIABILITY, AND COMPARING IT WITH THE TISSUE CULTURE PLATE (TCP) AND HYDROXYAPATITE [CA5(PO4)3(OH)], ONE OF THE MAIN CONSTITUENTS OF TOOTH ENAMEL AND BONE TISSUE. THE LITERATURE HAS SHOWN THAT F18 COULD BE SUCCESSFULLY USED AS A COATING ON METALLIC IMPLANTS AND HAS ACCELERATED TISSUE REPAIR FOR BONE AND SKIN WOUNDS. TO CARRY OUT THE EXPERIMENTS, MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS FROM THE PULP OF EXFOLIATED HUMAN DECIDUOUS TEETH WERE USED. THE STEM CELLS (10.000 PER WELL) WERE SEEDED IN A 96-WELL TCP. AFTER 1 DAY, THE CULTURE MEDIUM WAS REMOVED AND THE CELLS WERE EXPOSED TO THE TESTED MATERIALS AT CONCENTRATIONS OF 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, AND 2.0 MG/ML. CELL VIABILITY WAS EVALUATED BY 3-(4,5-DIMETHYLTHIAZOL-2-YL)-2,5-DIPHENYLTETRAZOLIUM BROMIDE (MTT) AFTER TWO DAYS OF INCUBATION. THE MEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION VALUES OF ABSORBANCE OBTAINED FOR THE TCP WERE 0.26 ± 0.03 AND FOR THE HYDROXYAPATITE THEY WERE 0.22 ± 0.05 FOR 0.25 MG/ML; 0.23 ± 0.05 FOR 0.5 MG/ML; 0.21 ± 0.04 FOR 1.0 MG/ML AND 0.27 ± 0.03 FOR 2.0 MG/ML. FOR THE F18, THESE VALUES WERE 0.25
± 0.03 FOR 0.25 MG/ML; 0.25 ± 0.01 FOR 0.5 MG/ML; 0.25 ± 0.02 FOR 1.0 MG/ML AND 0.21 ± 0.04 FOR 2.0 MG/ML. THESE RESULTS INDICATED THAT THE F18 BIOACTIVE GLASS AND HYDROXYAPATITE DID NOT AFFECT THE STEM CELL VIABILITIES (P = 0.0878), REGARDLESS OF THE STUDIED CONCENTRATION. ALTHOUGH BIOGLASSES ARE KNOWN TO RELEASE IONS INTO THE CELL CULTURE MEDIUM, IN THIS WORK THIS PHENOMENON DID NOT INFLUENCE THE CELL VIABILITY. ACCORDING TO ISO 10993-5, A MATERIAL IS CYTOTOXIC WHEN IT DECREASES CELL VIABILITY BY 30%. THUS, F18 BIOGLASS CAN BE CONSIDERED NOT CYTOTOXIC AT 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, AND 2.0 MG/ML, BEING THEREBY, VERY PROMISING FOR MEDICINAL APPLICATION THAT REQUIRES BIOACTIVITY AND/OR BIOCOMPATIBILITY FOR BONE REGENERATION.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: MCTIC, FINEP, CNPQ, CAPES, FAPERGS, VETRA, AND STEM CELL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (IPCT).